Phosphorous (Dicalcium Phosphate)

Phosphorus is the second most abundant mineral in the body, essential for bone mineralisation (as hydroxyapatite alongside calcium), cellular energy production (ATP), and cell membrane integrity (phospholipids). The evidence for phosphorus adequacy is solid: deficiency impairs bone formation, muscle function, and energy metabolism. Supplementation is well-supported in populations with documented insufficiency, particularly older adults and those with malabsorption conditions. Most people consuming a typical Western diet receive adequate dietary phosphorus from protein-rich foods; supplementation is primarily relevant for those with renal disease, malnutrition, or clinical deficiency. People with kidney disease should exercise caution, impaired phosphorus excretion can lead to hyperphosphataemia, which is associated with cardiovascular calcification. PGSS take: A foundational mineral that rarely needs supplementation outside clinical deficiency, it supports the case for a protein-adequate diet over standalone supplementation for most people.